Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a combination of the following materials:

– **Wood Pulp**: A natural, biodegradable material that provides excellent absorbency.
– **Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP)**: A synthetic material that can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid relative to its own mass.

### Properties of Absorbent Core Materials

– **High Absorbency**: Both wood pulp and SAP are highly absorbent, ensuring that the pad can handle varying flow levels.
– **Softness**: Wood pulp adds a soft texture, enhancing user comfort.
– **Biodegradability**: Wood pulp is environmentally friendly, breaking down naturally over time.

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying. Common materials include:

– **Nonwoven Fabric**: Made from synthetic fibers like polypropylene, it is soft and allows for quick liquid passage.
– **Perforated Film**: A thin, breathable film that provides a dry surface.

### Properties of Top Sheet Materials

– **Softness**: Ensures comfort during use.
– **Quick-Drying**: Prevents moisture buildup, reducing the risk of irritation.
– **Breathability**: Allows air circulation, maintaining skin health.

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, designed to prevent leakage. It is usually made from:

– **Polyethylene Film**: A waterproof material that provides a barrier against leaks.
– **Nonwoven Fabric**: Sometimes used for added comfort and breathability.

### Properties of Back Sheet Materials

– **Waterproof**: Ensures no leakage, keeping clothes dry.
– **Durability**: Resistant to tearing and punctures.
– **Flexibility**: Allows the pad to conform to the body’s shape.

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesives are used to keep the sanitary pad in place. They are typically made from:

– **Hot Melt Adhesives**: A type of thermoplastic adhesive that becomes sticky when heated.
– **Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives**: Adhesives that form a bond when pressure is applied.

### Properties of Adhesive Materials

– **Strong Bond**: Ensures the pad stays in place during use.
– **Skin-Friendly**: Designed to be gentle on the skin, reducing the risk of irritation.
– **Residue-Free**: Leaves no sticky residue upon removal.

## 5. Release Paper

Release paper is used to protect the adhesive before use. It is usually made from:

– **Silicone-Coated Paper**: Provides a non-stick surface, allowing easy removal.

### Properties of Release Paper

– **Non-Stick Surface**: Ensures easy removal without damaging the adhesive.
– **Durability**: Resistant to tearing during handling.

## Conclusion

The raw materials used in sanitary pads are carefully selected to ensure comfort, absorbency, and leak protection. Each component, from the absorbent core to the release paper, plays a vital role in the overall performance of the product. Understanding these materials and their properties can help consumers make informed choices and appreciate the technology behind this essential hygiene product.